History Form Four 2025 NECTA Examination
Instructions
This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of eleven (11) questions.
Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C.
Section A carries sixteen (16) marks, section B fifty four (54) marks and section C carries thirty (30) marks.
All writing must be in blue or black ink except drawing which must be in pencil.
Communication devices and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).
Section A (16 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided.
(i) Many pre-colonial African societies handed down historical information by word of mouth from one generation to another. Which term befits such a source of historical information?
A. Archaeology
B. Oral traditions
C. Archives
D. Museums
E. Anthropology
Answer: B
(ii) The following are the importance of the discovery of fire to ancient human beings during the Middle Stone Age, except:
A. it helped human beings to scare away wild animals.
B. it provided warmth to humans during cold seasons.
C. it helped human beings to fell trees and clear the land.
D. it enabled humans to make and use guns in wars.
E. it enabled humans to roast food instead of eating it raw.
Answer: D
(iii) Which statement best classifies Hehe resistance of 1891 - 1898?
A. A direct military confrontation between the Hehe and the Portuguese
B. A passive resistance of the Hehe against the British colonialists
C. A direct military confrontation between the Hehe and the Germans
D. A passive resistance of the Hehe against the French colonialists
E. A direct military confrontation between the Hehe and the Arabs
Answer: C
(iv) The following were the major weakness of colonial education except:
A. It was based on race, religion and gender
B. It was provided to few Africans
C. It was examination-based
D. It emphasized practical aspects
E. It was given equally to children of all races
Answer: D
(v) The following were the features of colonial economy in Africa except:
A. it improved African local industries.
B. it was export-import oriented.
C. it was money-oriented.
D. it involved land alienation.
E. it was monoculture.
Answer: A
(vi) Which of the following was the feature of the first exploitative mode of production?
A. Collective ownership of the major means of production
B. Presence of workers and owners of industries
C. Presence of landlords and peasants
D. Exploitation of the slaves by the slave masters
E. Exploitation of peasants through rent payment
Answer: A
(vii) Why was the 1964 revolution important to the people of Zanzibar?
A. It removed the French from the political power
B. It forced the closure of the biggest slave market
C. It removed the Arab regime from power by force
D. It facilitated the decline of nationalism
E. It allowed the re-introduction of multi-party system
Answer: C
(viii) Why is the studying of the history subject very important to the students?
A. It encourages the students to store fossils in the archives
B. It promotes intolerance
C. It help them to underdevelop their societies
D. It discourages them to appreciate the importance of multi-party system
E. It helps them to understand their origins
Answer: E
(ix) Why Portugal considered her colonies as overseas provinces?
A. She wanted to give high status to the Africans
B. She wanted them to remain sources of raw materials and markets
C. She wanted to rule them through an open door policy
D. She disliked challenges from other European powers
E. She wanted them to adopt multiparty system
Answer: B
(x) Why did Buganda kingdom rise and expand during the pre-colonial period?
A. Because of good leadership of Kabaka
B. Due to good leadership of Mansa Kankan Musa
C. Because of the possession of a golden stool
D. Due to the arrival of the Portuguese in the 15th century
E. Because of good leadership of Omukama Kabarega
Answer: A
2. Match the descriptions of agricultural systems in List A with the corresponding terms in List Bby writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided.
List A | List B |
(i) An agricultural system that involves the movement of farmers from one place to another. (ii) A form of animal husbandry in which livestock are kept in one location. (iii) The practice of keeping livestock alongside crop cultivation. (iv) An irrigation system used by ancient Egyptians consisting of a pole with a weight on one side and a bucket on the other. D Mixed far C Sh (v) The use of channels or pipes to supply water to a piece of land so that crops can grow. (vi) The practice of planting different types of crops on the same piece of land seasonally. | A Agroforestry B Crop rotation C Shifting cultivation D Mixed farming E Shadoof F Irrigation G Intercropping H Sedentary I Nomadic |
Answers: i.C ii.H iii.D iv.E v.F vi. B
Section B (54 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
3. (a) The following are the names of African rulers during the pre-colonial period: Kabaka Mutesa, Mansa Musa, Askia Mohamed, Shaka Zulu, Mtemi Mirambo, Zwangendaba.
(i) Identify the rulers belonging to East Africa.
Kabaka Mutesa
Mtemi Mirambo
(ii) Identify the rulers belonging to West Africa.
Mansa Musa
Askia Mohamed
(iii) Identify the rulers belonging to South Africa.
Shaka Zulu
Zwangendaba
(b) Which roles are played by Morans in the Maasai society? Give three points.
Protect the society
Walk long distance with animals looking for pastures and water
Raiding cattles on neighbour communities.
4. Arrange the following statements in a chronological order by writing number 1 to 6 beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided.
(i) Portuguese sailors started voyages of discoveries during mercantilism. 2
(ii) Scramble for and partition of Africa led to the colonization of Africa. 4
(iii) New states were established in Africa based on geographical boundaries that were established after the partition. 5
(iv) Neo-colonialism is still undermining the economic development in Africa. 6
(v) Before 1800 AD, Africa and its interior had not been explored by the European explorers. 1
(vi) By the last quarter of the 19th century, the scramble had intensified as each imperialist power tried to grab part of Africa. 3
5. Briefly explain three reasons which enabled Tanganyika to achieve her independence earlier than Kenya.
Tanganyika achieved her independence earlier than Kenya due to the following reasons:
Tanganyika was a mandate territory given to British as it was taken from German to prepare it for its own independence.
British never invested much in Tanganyika as related to Kenya.
In Tanganyika there were no issues of tribalism as it was seen in Kenya.
6. Why did the people of Southern Tanganyika decide to fight against the Germans from 1905 to l907? Briefly give three points.
Reasons for people of Southern Tanganyika decide to fight in Majimaji war were:
Forced labour
They were opposing taxation
They were opposing cultivation of cashcrops instead of food crops
7. “Internal factors promoted African nationalism.” In three points, briefly justify this statement.
Internal factors for African nationalism were:
Exploitation
Role of educated elites such as Nyerere
African desire to rule themselves
8. Briefly explain three ways through which slaves were obtained during the slave trade period.
Ways used to obtained slaves were:
Raids
Kidnaping
Selling of war prisoners
Buying them in the slave market
9. Why were Africans defeated by the colonialists during the establishment of colonial rule? Explain by giving six points.
Disunity
Africans did not unite to fight the whites. For example, samori Toure of Mandika asked Ahmadu of Tukolor to join with him to fight the French in West Africa, but Ahmadu rejected to appear.
Militarily superiority of the Europeans
They had a well standing army than that of the Africans. They used sophisticated weapons like gun, bombs and modern artillery while Africans used clubs, spear and bows.
Poor beliefs
Africans believed in witchcraft instead of fighting. For example, Maji maji fighter believed magic water could turn bullet into water.
Natural calamities like famine, drought and epidemics
Natural calamities made people avoid active resistance. For example, the Maasai suffered from Cholera in 1879, so they failed to fight.
Betrayal
Some Africans decided to collaborate with the whiteman to attack their fellow Africans. Merere of Usangu allied with Germany to defeat the Hehe in 1873.
10. “Africa was seriously affected by the Great Economic Depression that occurred between 1929 and 1933." Justify this statement by giving six points.
Fall of price commodity
It led to the fall of African cash crops tremendously like cotton, coffee, sisal and cocoa because the demand at the metro pole was also very low. The peasants and European settlers who were the chief producers of such commodities almost abandoned the production.
Decline in provision of social services
The colonial government was no longer interested in the investment of social services because of severe social crises in Europe. The colonial government had no money to continue with the provision of social services.
Establishment of processing industries
Processing industries like coffee, cotton ginneries and oil refinery were established so as to increase the qualitative and quantitative output in the metro pole. Also those processing industries were used to reduce the bulkiness of load so as to reduce shipping cost.
Intensive exploitation of African resources
Exploitation on African resources increased for example, land alienation was doubled, new taxes were introduced, forced cropping was introduced and forced labour became a common place, this aimed at compensating the financial crisis that had affected their economy.
Mass unemployment
Because of economic depression the colonial government reduced the number of workers like teachers, nurses, clerks and others. This caused unemployment.
Development of migrant laborers
This was to reduce colonial expenditure and increase production, since colonial government increased plantation and labour reserves e.g. Rukwa, Kigoma and Dodoma in Tanganyika and northern Uganda as well.
11. By giving six points, explain the challenges facing the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).
Each member wants to benefit more than the other members of the community according to their interests.
Political instability affects member states, there have been civil wars and coup d‟état inthe region, e.g. Nigeria, Sierra Leon, Liberia and Ivory Coast.
Poor communication network system in many parts of the region hinders organization activities to all places.
Language differences, other members are using English while others French this led to communication barrier between the members.
Lack of single currency creates the problem of the rate of exchange between the member states.
The problem of members to have a membership in more than one organization and all the organization have demands in terms of contribution i.e. its difficult to contribute membership to all the organization due to poverty.
Jiunge Darasa la Solving Ujipatie Solving Zote na Utabiri wa Mitihani ya NECTA, Gusa Hapa Kujiunga
