Mwalimu Makoba

Ufahamu ni kujua au kulielewa jambo hatimaye kuweza kulifafanua. Mtu anaweza akaona, akasoma, ama akasikia jambo na akaelewa au asielewe. Akielewa atakuwa na uwezo wa kufafanua au kutoa taarifa zinazohusiana na habari hiyo. Ufahamu wa kusikiliza na ufupisho Ufahamu wa kusikiliza ni ule ambao mhusika anapata taarifa hiyo kwa kusikiliza habari hiyo. inawezekana kupata habari hiyo kwa kusimuliwa au kusomewa. Ili kupata habari inayosikilizwa au inayosomwa, msikilizaji azingatie mambo haya: -       Kuwa makini kwa kila kinachosimuliwa au kinachosomwa. -       Kuhusisha mambo muhimu na habari isimuliwavyo. -       Kujua matamshi ya mzungumzaji. -       Kubainisha mawazo makuu. Kujibu maswali kutokana na habari uliyoisikiliza Mbinu za kujibu maswali kutokana na habari ya ufahamu wa kusikiliza ni: -       Kusikiliza kila swali kwa makini. -       Kutafakari kila swali, yaani kutafuta maana ya swali kwa kulihusisha na matini aliyosimuliwa. -       Kujibu kila swali kwa

Swali Historia huumba matini ya kisanaa tunayoyaona, kuyasikia na kuyasoma. Tumia nadharia ya uhistoria mpya kusawiri uhusiano uliopo kati ya historia ya maendeleo ya taifa la Tanzania na maudhui ya diwani ya Chini ya Mwembe (2017) ya Eric F. Ndumbaro na Gloria D. Gonsalves. Jibu Nadharia ya uhistoria mpya ni nadharia ambayo inaeleza uhusiano uliopo baina ya historia na fasihi . Inatambulika kwamba wahakiki wa uhistoria mpya wa Kimarekani ndio wanaotambulika kwa kuenea kwa mkabala wa uhistoria katika fasihi katika miaka ya 1980 na ile ya 1990. Wahakiki wa uhistoria mpya wao walisoma matini za kifasihi kama zao la kitu kinachotokana na mazingira ya kipindi mahususi cha kihistoria. Miongoni mwa majina makubwa ya wahakiki wa mkabala wa uhistoria mpya wa Marekani ni Stephen Greenblattt na Louis Montrose. Wamitila (2008), anajadili kipengele kingine muhimu kinachoshughulikiwa na wanauhistoria mpya. Anadai kwamba kwa wanauhistoria mpya, matukio ya kihistoria siyo lazima yaonekane yot

  Interaction can be defined as the way in which people from a given community came into contact with another community. Major interactions between the peoples of Africa begun during the Late Stone Age and the Iron Age up to the middle of 19 th century. Interaction among the people of Africa were caused by social, political and economic factors. Social factors which gave rise to interactions among the people of Africa 1.    War Internal conflicts over land, minerals, water, and control of trade or power led to movement of some societies from their original land. A typical example was the movement of the Ngoni from South Africa to other parts of Africa. 2.    Migration As communities grew in number this lead to a scarcity of resources, which forced others to migrate in search of resources. For example the Bantu migration and the Ngoni migration. 3.    Intermarriage Some people left their places because of marriage. For example, Nyamwezi and Hehe married each other and caused interactio